What does the term "disaster risk reduction" (DRR) encompass?

The term "disaster risk reduction" (DRR) encompasses strategies aimed at minimizing the risks and impacts of disasters. This concept focuses on proactive measures that can be implemented before a disaster strikes, rather than merely responding to an event after it has occurred. DRR includes a wide range of strategies such as risk assessment, developing early warning systems, land-use planning, and community preparedness initiatives that effectively reduce vulnerability and improve resilience.

While emergency response measures are critical for dealing with disasters, they are not included under the umbrella of DRR because they are reactive rather than preventative. Similarly, reconstruction efforts and financial compensation for disaster victims are important components of disaster management, but they focus primarily on recovery after a disaster instead of addressing the risks and vulnerabilities that lead to disasters in the first place. Thus, DRR is fundamentally about minimizing impact and fostering resilience through preparation and mitigation strategies.